党Yuan被限制登陆美国或申请绿卡？
美国时间2020年10月2日，美国移民局在其官方网站上发出了标题为《Inadmissibility Based on Membership in a Totalitarian Party 》（中文注解:关于极端组织或Dang派成员限制条例）的审案手册政策指引。正文不长，一页而已。赢众海外咨询将政策的全图放在下方。其核心论点为：为了美国的国际利益安全，美国禁止GC党成员及极端组织成员申请美国移民。我们先无需惊慌，下文我们通过了解法案的历史，本次限制条例的具体规定以及实施细则来了分析该问题。
引自:https://www.uscis.gov/news/alerts/uscis-issues-policy-guidance-regarding-inadmissibility-based-on-membership-in-a-totalitarian-party
1. 此次美国移民局审案手册政策更新的背景
首先要为大家说明的是，限制Dang员以及极端组织成员入境美国或者予以遣返此次并非第一次。我们回顾一下美国移民局政策历史。
A：During and after World War I, the U.S. government was concerned with the external threats of anarchism and communism. In response, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1918 that authorized the detention and deportation of alien anarchists under an extremely broad definition of anarchism irrespective of the alien’s date of entry into the United States.（摘自美国移民局官网https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-8-part-f-chapter-3）
一战期间，美国政府为了防止世界无政府主义以及共产主义的威胁，国会通过了《美国移民1918版法案》可以限制或者驱逐上述极端分子进入美国。
B：The Internal Security Act of 1950 created criminal penalties for conspiring to create a totalitarian dictatorship in the United States and to unlawfully communicate or receive classified information. It did not create criminal penalties for membership or the holding of office in a communist organization, but required communist organizations to register, submit annual reports, and prohibited the members of communist organizations from applying for, renewing, or using a U.S. passport。（摘自美国移民局官网https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-8-part-f-chapter-3）
二战后，美国通过了《1950版国内安全法案》将极端主义以及非法共产行为列为犯罪，未将仅仅身为共产Dang员列为犯罪。但是限制Dang员申请，更新以及使用美国护照《注意：这里讲的是美国护照）
C：a year later, Congress amended the Internal Security Act of 1950 to include some of the exceptions to the grounds of exclusion specific to the members and affiliates of communist organizations to better align the actual language of the statute with the intent of Congress. The amendment stated that only membership or affiliation which was voluntary would be considered for exclusion and would not include membership or affiliation which is or was solely when the alien was under 16 years of age, by operation of law, or for purposes of obtaining employment, food rations, or other essentials of living and where necessary for such purposes.
一年过后，美国国会调整了一些上述《1950版国内安全法案》的条款，并增加了豁免条款。由此可见，对于世界极端组织以及共产党员的限制并非今日稀奇。
那么问题来了。
1.究竟限制什么？
This ground of inadmissibility applies to an alien seeking immigrant status, such as an alien inside the United States applying for adjustment of status to that of a lawful permanent resident (LPR), an alien applying for an immigrant visa with the U.S. Department of State (DOS) at a U.S. embassy or consulate outside of the United States, or an alien applying for admission as an immigrant at a U.S. port of entry.
限制包括极端组织成员以及共产Dang员（曾是或者当下是）的移民类申请（包括：1.美国本土进行485身份转换。2.美国使领馆身份调整3.美国入境处申请美国移民。）
请注意：非移民类签证（例如：B1/B2旅游签证，F-1学生签证，L-1/O-1工作签证，J-1访问学者签证等不在限制范围内）
2.何时生效？
已经生效，其实本次的政策是美国移民审案手册的一个细化规定以及指导意见。不存在新型政策生效时期的概念。
3.如何判断自己是否属于被禁止范围？
移民局对于判断你是否属于被禁止对象，共分为4步。
1.判断你所在的组织究竟是否为共产Dang或其他极端组织
2.判断你与该组织的的联系程度以及你的级别
3.判断你的成员关系身份是否有重大意义
4.判断你的例外以及豁免情形
4.究竟什么才是例外？
Involuntary Membership
非自愿。例如：并非自己愿意，或小于16岁或被强制加入或为了基本的生活不得不加入
Past Membership
身份结束。Dang员身份已经结束2年或5年（ZF极端组织成员）并对美国不构成威胁
5.豁免条件是什么：
1.如果你证明自己为美国公民的父母，配偶，子女，兄弟姐妹或美国绿卡持有人的配偶或子女。
2.对美国无国家利益威胁。
3.美国自由裁量任为可以豁免的。
关于具体的美国移民局如何判断，调查，核对你的Dang员身份信息以及申请过程中应对措施，请看下一期文章。
下面是移民局官网原文：
USCIS Issues Policy Guidance Regarding Inadmissibility Based on Membership in a Totalitarian Party
On Oct. 2, USCIS issued policy guidance in the USCIS Policy Manual to address inadmissibility based on membership in or affiliation with the Communist Party or any other totalitarian party. Membership in or affiliation with the Communist Party or any other totalitarian party is inconsistent and incompatible with the Naturalization Oath of Allegiance to the United States of America, which includes pledging to “support and defend the Constitution and laws of the United States.”
10月2日，移民局在《移民局政策手册》中发布了政策指导，以解决基于共产党或任何其他极权政党成员或从属关系而不可受理的问题。加入共产党或任何其他极权主义政党或从属于共产党，不符合《加入美利坚合众国的归化誓言》，其中包括承诺"支持和捍卫美国宪法和法律"。
The new policy manual section provides guidance on how to adjudicate inadmissibility due to membership in the Communist Party or any other totalitarian party in the context of adjustment of status applications.
新的政策手册部分提供了指导，说明在调整地位申请时，如何裁定由于共产党或任何其他极权政党成员身份而不可受理的问题。
In general, unless otherwise exempt, any intending immigrant who is a member or affiliate of the Communist Party or any other totalitarian party (or subdivision or affiliate), domestic or foreign, is inadmissible to the United States. This addition to the policy manual will help officers adjudicate this inadmissibility ground consistent with federal law.
一般来说，除非另有豁免，否则任何有意移民是共产党或任何其他极权主义政党（或分区或附属党）、国内或外国的，则不允许美国。政策手册的这一补充将有助于官员根据联邦法律裁定这一不可受理的理由。
